Resource Implications of Different Encodings for Quantum Computational Fluid Dynamics

K. Kösel, R. Ewert, S. Delfs · 2026 · arXiv:2604.05577

| 编号 QC092 | 主题 硬件与展望 | 链接 arXiv:2604.05577 |

摘要

摘要保留原文（英文）

摘要取自 arXiv / 出版方元数据，未作翻译，以保证与原文一致。

For quantum algorithms for problems in which the task is to compute an entire field of values, like e.g. computational fluid dynamics (CFD), it is often proposed amplitude encoding w.r.t. multiple qubits; however, the eforts implied by it for initialization and read-out are not addressed. This work is devoted specifically to this issue: It reviews diferent encoding schemes in quantum computing, discussing their computational costs for initialization and read-out as well as resulting aspects fo their usage via minimal examples. The considerations in previous literature on the required computational resources for amplitude encoding w.r.t. multiple qubits are extended in the presented quantification by explicitly deducing the circuit depth that results for the decomposed initialization procedure of V. V. Shende et al. [1, 2] and deriving an upper bound for the necessary number of executions of a quantum algorithm to extract the encoded values with a specific accuracy. For these two results, an empirical verification via the means provided by IBM’s quantum computing simulation framework Qiskit [3] is given. In the framework of the study on the required number of runs to achieve a desired accuracy, it is however found that the derived upper bound, scaling like n˜² ln(˜n) with the number of encoded values n˜, is too conservative to be used for precise estimations. Therefore, a corresponding study of the required runs for the reference distribution of equal probabilities for all basis states is done in particular, which suggests n˜ ln(˜n) as an empirical scaling law. Since the view regarding CFD applications is taken here, it is presented in particular that the insights from this work lead to a new encoding approach, which is proposed specifically fo a quantum algor

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