Demonstrating Quantum Error Correction that Extends the Lifetime of Quantum Information

Nissim Ofek, Andrei Petrenko, Reinier Heeres, Philip Reinhold, Zaki Leghtas, et al. · 2016 · Nature 536, 441-445 (2016)

| 编号 QE171 | 主题 玻色子码 | 链接 arXiv:1602.04768 |

摘要

摘要保留原文（英文）

摘要取自 arXiv / 出版方元数据，未作翻译，以保证与原文一致。

The remarkable discovery of Quantum Error Correction (QEC), which can overcome the errors experienced by a bit of quantum information (qubit) [1], was a critical advance that gives hope for eventually realizing practical quantum computers. In principle, a system that implements QEC can actually pass a“break-even” point and preserve quantum information for longer than the lifetime of its constituent parts. To implement QEC, one redundantly encodes a qubit in a higher dimensional space using quantum states with carefully tailored symmetry properties. By performing a projective measurement of this symmetry, or error syndrome, errors can be detected and then corrected via simple operations [2]. Reaching the break-even point and demonstrating the extension of a qubit’s lifetime, however, has thusp far remained an outstanding and challenging goal [3]. Several previous works have demonstrated elements of QEC in NMR [4–7], ions [8–10], nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers [11–13], photons [14, 15], and superconducting transmons [16– 19]. However, these works primarily illustrate the signatures or scaling properties of QEC codes rather than test the capacity of the system to extend the lifetime of quantum information over time. Here we demonstrate a QEC systemq that reaches the break-even point by suppressing the natural errors due to energy loss for a qubit logically encoded in[ superposition

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