Fault-tolerant execution of error-corrected quantum algorithms

Michael A. Perlin et al. · 2026 · arXiv

| 编号 QE371 | 主题 硬件实验与里程碑 | 链接 arXiv:2603.04584 |

摘要

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Scaling up quantum algorithms to tackle high-impact problems in science and industry requires quantum error correction and fault tolerance. While progress has been made in experimentally realizing error-corrected primitives, the end-to-end execution of logical quantum algorithms using only fault-tolerant (FT) components has remained out of reach. We demonstrate the FT and error-corrected execution of two quantum algorithms, the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) and the Harrow-Hassidim-Lloyd (HHL) algorithm applied to the Poisson equation, on Quantinuum H2 and Helios trapped-ion quantum processors using the $[[7,1,3]]$ Steane code. For QAOA circuits on 5 and 6 logical qubits, we show performance improvements from increasing the number of QAOA layers and the number of $T$ gates used to approximate logical rotations, despite increased physical circuit complexity. We further show that QAOA circuits with up to 8 logical qubits and 9 logical $T$ gates perform similarly to unencoded circuits. For the largest QAOA circuits we run, with 12 logical (97 physical) qubits and 2132 physical two-qubit gates, we still observe better-than-random performance. Finally, we show that ad

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